Quartz is an abundant mineral found on the earth’s crust. Many different varieties of quartz are semi-precious gemstones. Throughout the world, varieties of quartz have been, since antiquity, the most commonly used minerals in the making of jewelry and hard stone carvings.

The most important distinction between the types of quartz is that of macrocrystalline (individual crystals visible to the unaided eye) and the microcrystalline (aggregates of crystals visible only under high magnification).
Pure quartz or rock crystal is colorless and varies from transparent to translucent. Citrine, Rose quartz, amethyst, smoky quartz and milky quartz are the colored varieties of quartz.

Citrine is a variety of quartz whose color ranges from a pale yellow to brown. Natural citrines are rare and most of the commercial citrines are heat-treated amethyst. Citrine contains traces of Fe3+ and is rarely found naturally. The name is derived from the Latin word ‘citrina’ which means “yellow”.